feat: add interval projection schema and models

Add time-series tracking tables for animal location, tag, and attribute
history. Each interval represents a period when an animal had a specific
state, with open intervals (end_utc=NULL) for current state.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

tests/test_models_intervals.py

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+# ABOUTME: Tests for interval-related Pydantic models.
+# ABOUTME: Validates LocationInterval, TagInterval, and AttrInterval models.
+
+import pytest
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+from animaltrack.models.intervals import AttrInterval, LocationInterval, TagInterval
+
+
+class TestLocationInterval:
+    """Tests for the LocationInterval model."""
+
+    def test_valid_interval(self):
+        """LocationInterval with all required fields validates successfully."""
+        interval = LocationInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            location_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+            end_utc=1704153600000,
+        )
+        assert interval.animal_id == "01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA"
+        assert interval.location_id == "01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV"
+        assert interval.start_utc == 1704067200000
+        assert interval.end_utc == 1704153600000
+
+    def test_end_utc_defaults_to_none(self):
+        """end_utc defaults to None (open interval)."""
+        interval = LocationInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            location_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+        )
+        assert interval.end_utc is None
+
+    def test_animal_id_must_be_26_chars(self):
+        """LocationInterval with short animal_id raises ValidationError."""
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+            LocationInterval(
+                animal_id="short",
+                location_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV",
+                start_utc=1704067200000,
+            )
+
+    def test_location_id_must_be_26_chars(self):
+        """LocationInterval with short location_id raises ValidationError."""
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+            LocationInterval(
+                animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+                location_id="short",
+                start_utc=1704067200000,
+            )
+
+
+class TestTagInterval:
+    """Tests for the TagInterval model."""
+
+    def test_valid_interval(self):
+        """TagInterval with all required fields validates successfully."""
+        interval = TagInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            tag="friendly",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+            end_utc=1704153600000,
+        )
+        assert interval.animal_id == "01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA"
+        assert interval.tag == "friendly"
+        assert interval.start_utc == 1704067200000
+        assert interval.end_utc == 1704153600000
+
+    def test_end_utc_defaults_to_none(self):
+        """end_utc defaults to None (open interval)."""
+        interval = TagInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            tag="leader",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+        )
+        assert interval.end_utc is None
+
+    def test_animal_id_must_be_26_chars(self):
+        """TagInterval with short animal_id raises ValidationError."""
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+            TagInterval(
+                animal_id="short",
+                tag="friendly",
+                start_utc=1704067200000,
+            )
+
+
+class TestAttrInterval:
+    """Tests for the AttrInterval model."""
+
+    def test_valid_interval(self):
+        """AttrInterval with all required fields validates successfully."""
+        interval = AttrInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            attr="sex",
+            value="female",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+            end_utc=1704153600000,
+        )
+        assert interval.animal_id == "01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA"
+        assert interval.attr == "sex"
+        assert interval.value == "female"
+        assert interval.start_utc == 1704067200000
+        assert interval.end_utc == 1704153600000
+
+    def test_end_utc_defaults_to_none(self):
+        """end_utc defaults to None (open interval)."""
+        interval = AttrInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            attr="status",
+            value="alive",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+        )
+        assert interval.end_utc is None
+
+    def test_animal_id_must_be_26_chars(self):
+        """AttrInterval with short animal_id raises ValidationError."""
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+            AttrInterval(
+                animal_id="short",
+                attr="sex",
+                value="female",
+                start_utc=1704067200000,
+            )
+
+    def test_attr_sex_is_valid(self):
+        """attr='sex' is a valid value."""
+        interval = AttrInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            attr="sex",
+            value="female",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+        )
+        assert interval.attr == "sex"
+
+    def test_attr_life_stage_is_valid(self):
+        """attr='life_stage' is a valid value."""
+        interval = AttrInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            attr="life_stage",
+            value="adult",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+        )
+        assert interval.attr == "life_stage"
+
+    def test_attr_repro_status_is_valid(self):
+        """attr='repro_status' is a valid value."""
+        interval = AttrInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            attr="repro_status",
+            value="intact",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+        )
+        assert interval.attr == "repro_status"
+
+    def test_attr_status_is_valid(self):
+        """attr='status' is a valid value."""
+        interval = AttrInterval(
+            animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+            attr="status",
+            value="alive",
+            start_utc=1704067200000,
+        )
+        assert interval.attr == "status"
+
+    def test_attr_invalid_raises_error(self):
+        """Invalid attr value raises ValidationError."""
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+            AttrInterval(
+                animal_id="01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAA",
+                attr="invalid_attr",
+                value="value",
+                start_utc=1704067200000,
+            )